Variables are containers that can  hold data values. Variables in Python are dynamically typed, Meaning the datatype is inferred frm their assigned value.

Python has the following data types built-in by default, in these categories: 

1. Text Type: str

2. Numeric Types: int, float, complex

3. Sequence Types: list, tuple, range

4. Mapping Type: dict

5. Set Types: set, frozenset

6. Boolean Type: bool

7. Binary Types: bytes, bytearray, memoryview

8. None Type: NoneType

There is a function to check the datatype of a variable or data structure. the command is 

type(variable_name)
'''
  output:
    <class 'datatype'>
'''

It returns the class the variable belongs to. 

Why does this return a class?

In Python, Datatypes are implemented by using classes. so there are classes called int, str, float,complex and more. when we create a variable of a type, what we effectively are doing is creating an object of the class of the datatype. 

simple exercise: 

a = 12       #int
b = 12.42      #float
c = "Django tutorial"      #str

print("a: ",type(a))
print("b: ",type(b))
print("c: ",type(c))
'''
    output:
        a:  <class 'int'>
        b:  <class 'float'>
        c:  <class 'str'>

'''